Efficacy of Exercise on Fall in Old Adults: A Network Meta-analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of exercise on preventing falls in the elderly. Methods:Literatures of randomized controlled trials about exercises for prevention of falls in the elderly were retrieved from Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library and CNKI from 1980 to July, 2020. The qualities were evaluated with Review Manager 5.3, and the data were analyzed with R-Studio and Addis 1.16.6. Results:A total of 172 randomized controlled trials were finally included, with nine kinds of exercise intervention. The cognition and movement multitask training was the most effective to decrease fall rate (OR = 0.26, 95%CI 0.14 to 0.49, P < 0.05). The combined physical and whole body vibration training was the most effective to improve the score of Berg Balance Scale (d = 6.3, 95%CI 3.5 to 9.2, P < 0.05) and the time of Timed 'Up & Go' Test (d = -4.5, 95%CI -6.8 to -2.1, P < 0.05). The blood flow restriction training was the most effective to increase the lower limb muscle strength (d = 12, 95%CI 7.4 to 16, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The cognition and movement multitask training is the first recommended exercise to prevent falls in the elderly, followed by Taiji Quan and multimodal training. Gait practice or resistance training are the least effective. A variety of new intervention methods (blood flow restriction training, combined physical and whole body vibration training, Wit Fit training, etc.) may improve the physical function of the elderly, and need further researches.

Application of remote sensing technology in medicinal plant resources / 中国中药杂志

The sustainable use of medicinal plants is the foundation of the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the acquisition of information on medicinal plants is the basis for the development of TCM. The traditional methods of investigating medicinal plant resources are disadvantageous in strong subjectivity and poor timeliness, making it difficult to real-time monitor medicinal plant resources. In recent years, remote sensing technology has become an important means of obtaining information on medicinal plants. The application of this technology has made up for the shortcomings of traditional methods. The open-access remote sensing data with medium spatial resolution satellites provide an opportunity for extracting information on medicinal plant resources. This study firstly introduced the principles of remote sensing technology, summarized the satellites and the parameters commonly used in the field of medicinal plant resources, and compared the survey methods of remote sensing technology with traditional methods. Secondly, it reviewed the applications of remote sensing technology in the extraction of information on the cultivation of medicinal plants and the common methods for extracting the planting structure information of medicinal plants based on remote sensing technology. Thirdly, the applications of remote sensing technology in the investigation and monitoring of medicinal plants were further analyzed with the research objects divided into wild and cultivated medicinal plants according to the characteristics of the habitats. Finally, it pointed out the key unsolved technical problems in the remote sensing monitoring of medicinal plant resources, and proposed solutions for the intelligent information processing of medicinal plants based on remote sensing big data, which is expected to provide references for the development of remote sensing technology in derivative application in medicinal plant resources.

Research of estimation methods on medicinal plant resources reserves / 中国中药杂志

The medicinal plant resource reserve refers to the natural resources of medicinal plants in a certain time and a certain region within the scope of the volume. In recent years, with the demand of medicinal plant resources surging and the change of the environment and human intervention factors, the medicinal plant resources reserve had accelerated pace of change. It is the prerequisite and basis for the development and utilization of medical plants that how to quickly and accurately attain reserve of some medicinal plants resources, the selection of suitable and accurate estimating method is reliable basis and can guarantee medicinal plant reserve survey, and also is one of the key reserve investigation of success. This paper systematically summarized the estimation method of medicinal plants in recent 30 years, and discussed the basic principle, the estimation model of development and evolution, advantages and disadvantages and applicability, and it aimed to improve the accuracy about reserves survey of medicinal plant resources, and provide scientific and reliable support data to medicinal plants resources for sustainable development and utilization of resources.

The investigantion of comparative experiments for different clinical laboratory instruments / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the consistency of two VITROS 3600 chemiluminescent analyzers according to the requirement of ISO15189.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Verification tests were made for precision and accuracy of anti-HCV in two instruments. While 40 serum samples including Anti-HCV negative (10 cases) , positive (10 cases) , and weakly positive (20 cases). and the test results were statistical analised.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two instruments negative and positive control samples intra-batch precision and coefficients of variation were 5% , 4% and 7. 14% , 7. 23% , inter-batch precision and coefficients of variation were 9. 47% , 7. 7% and 8.04%, 7. 6%, are less than requirement CV (15%) by ISO15189. The accuracy of two instrument were 100% , The test results of the control samples showed no significant difference (P < 0. 05). The correlation analysis of the test results of clinical samples R2 =0. 9984, with good consistency.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Test results of two Vitros 3600 has good consistency and comparability.</p>

Establishment of a purificatory method for alpha-fetoprotein variant by affinity adsorption / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a purificatory method of alpha-fetoprotein variant (AFP-L3) based on microspincolumn with lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LCA was isolated by ammonium sulfate precipitation method from lens culinaris. AFP-L3 affinity adsorption microspincolumns which were made from LCA coupled with activated Sepharose 4B were prepared. By adding into the centrifuge column, serum was absorbed and eluted to purify AFP-L3. The results of purified AFP-L3 detection of 10 cases AFP positive sera by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay were compared with traditional crossed affinity immunoelectrophoresis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>8 of 10 cases AFP-L3 concentration were greater than 5 ng/ml in purified sera. Six cases show positive reaction in affinity immune cross electrophoresis experiment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Successfully established purification method of AFP-L3 by affinity absorption based on microspincolumn. The method was more conducive to clinical laboratory applications due to its high sensitive and easy operation.</p>

Cloning and expressing of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases I gene fragment and preparation of monoclonal antibodies against the recombinant protein / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare the monoclonal antibody (mAb) against tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases I (TIMP-I) fusion protein.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>TIMP-I gene was amplified from fibrotic human liver tissue by RT-PCR, then ligated with pQE31 to form recombinant plasmid pQE-TIMP-I and transformed into E. coli BL21. The protein induced by IPTG was purified by 6 x His-tag and used to immunize the BALB/c mice. The specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were prepared by the cell fusion technique. Western Blot were used to detect specificity of mAbs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prokaryotic plasmid expressing the recombinant protein was constructed, and the TIMP-I recombinant protein was expressed and purified. Four hybridoma cell lines that secreted anti-TIMP-I mAbs were obtained. 3 of 4 mAbs were the IgG1 subtype. Western Blot indicated the mAbs showed specific combination with TIMP-I protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The TIMP-I recombinant protein is highly purified and has strong antigenicity. The anti- TIMP-I mAbs were prepared successfully.</p>

Establishment of a detection method for hepatitis B virus large surface protein (HBV-lP) / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of hepatitis B virus large surface protein(HBV-LP) in serum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A sandwich reaction was preformed with horseradish peroxidase labeled monoclonal antibody of HBV-LP as the catalytic enzyme. Several reactions liquid's concentration and reaction conditions were optimized. The method was evaluated in all aspects such as sensitivity, specificity, stability and so on.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The detection limit was 5 ng/ml. Interassay and intra-assay RSD were both less than 10%. After stored at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 3, 5, 7 days, the analysis showed correlation coefficient higher than 0.98 and RSD lower than 10%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Established ELISA for determination of serum HBV-LP has high sensitivity and repeatability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;</p>

Microplate chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative analysis of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases I / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish microplate chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for quantitative analysis of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases I (TIMP I) in human serum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A sandwich reaction was preformed with horseradish peroxidase(HRP) labeled monoclonal antibody of TIMP I as the catalytic enzyme and the H2O2-luminol as the luminescence reagent. Several physical and chemical parameters were studied and optimized such as immunoreaction conditions, the dilution ratio of TIMP I-HRP, luminescence reaction time and so on. In order to evaluate the method, recovery test, heat stabilization test and comparison test were carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear range was 0. 2-12 ng/ml with r = 0.996. The detection limit was 0.12 ng/ml. Inter-assay and intra-assay RSD were both less than 10%. The recoveries of three different spiked concentration samples were 100.6%, 96.5% and 106.5%. After stored at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 3, 5, 7 days, the analysis showed correlation coefficient higher than 0. 998 and RSD lower than 6%. The detected results with CLEIA closely corresponded to those with imported ELISA in 60 patients sera with liver fibrosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Established CLEIA for quantity determination of serum TIMP I has high accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability.</p>

Cloning and expressing of golgi protein73 gene fragment and preparation of monoclonal antibodies against the recombinant protein / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clone and express human Golgi glycoprotein73 protein, and prepare the monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the protein.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>GP73 gene was amplified from HepG2 cells by RT-PCR, then ligated with pQE31 to form recombinant plasmid pQE-GP73 and transformed into E. coli BL21. The protein induced by IPTG was purified by 6 x His-tag and used to immunize the BALB/c mice. The specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were prepared by the cell fusion technique. Western Blot was used to detect specificity of mAbs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prokaryotic plasmid expressing the recombinant protein was constructed, and the GP73 recombinant protein was expressed and purified. Five hybridoma cell lines that secreted anti-GP73 mAbs were obtained. 2 of 5 mAbs were the IgG1 subtype. Western Blot indicated the mAbs showed specific combination with GP73 protein.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The GP73 recombinant protein is highly purified and has strong antigenicity. The anti-GP73 mAbs were prepared successfully.</p>

Establishment of a quantitative detection method for Golgi protein73 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantitative detection of Golgi protein73 (GP73) in serum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A sandwich reaction was preformed with horseradish peroxidase labeled monoclonal antibody of GP73 as the catalytic enzyme. Several reactions liquid's concentration and reaction conditions were optimized. The method was evaluated in all aspects such as linear range, sensitivity, specificity, stability and so on.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear range was 25-500 ng/ml. The detection limit was 18.5 ng/ml. Inter-assay and intra-assay RSD were both less than 10%. The recoveries of three different spiked concentration samples were 95.3%, 92.6% and 103.7%. After stored at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 3, 5, 7 days, the analysis showed correlation coefficient higher than 0.98 and RSD lower than 10%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Established ELISA for quantity determination of serum GP73 has high accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability.</p>

Quantitative detection of serum procollagen III N-terminal peptide chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for quantitative detection of procollagen III N-terminal peptide (P III NP) in serum.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A sandwich reaction was preformed with horseradish peroxidase labeled monoclonal antibody of P III NP as the catalytic enzyme and the luminol as the luminescence reagent. Several reactions liquid's concentration and reaction conditions were optimized. The method was evaluated in all aspects such as linear range, sensitivity, specificity, stability and so on. The CLEIA was compared with imported ELISA kits, by detecting clinical serum.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear range was 0.8-85 ng/ml. The detection limit was 0.5 ng/ml. Inter-assay and intra-assay RSD were both less than 10%. The recoveries of three different spiked concentration samples were 96.2%, 91.2% and 101.1%. After stored at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 3, 5, 7 days, the analysis showed correlation coefficient higher than 0.99 and RSD lower than 6%. The detected results of clinical sera with CLEIA closely corresponded to those with imported ELISA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Established CLEIA for quantity determination of serum P III NP has high accuracy, sensitivity and repeatability.</p>

Establishment of confirmatory test for suspicious hepatitis B surface antigen positive samples / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Establish a confirmatory test based on ELISA, and use to verify the authenticity of HBsAg weak positive samples, pick and get rid of the false result, and avoid the mistake diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The particles (reagent A) coated by streptavidin and biotinylated HBsAb (reagent B) were mixed in different proportions, then neutralized with serum whose the COI of HBsAg > 20 by ELISA in order to identify the activity of HBsAb in confirmatory reagent. 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive serum neutralized with the confirmatory reagent, the serum were considered to be positive if rate of decline of HBsAg COI > 50%. The results were compared to Roche confirmatory Kit.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Confirmatory reagent was able to neutralized with HBsAg. 24 of 30 pieces of HBsAg weak positive samples were judged to be positive, while 6 poeces were negative. The ELISA comfirm method is fully consistent with Roche confirmatory Kit.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ELISA confirmatory test for suspicious HBsAg positive samples is a simple, accurate and low cost initial validation method, After further clinical trials, should be widely applied.</p>

Comparison of two different methods to detect HIV antibodies / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Evaluated the chemiluminescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect HIV antibodies, and compared the results, to provide a reference for the selection and clinical application of HIV screening.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>3000 cases of our hospital patients were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay, using comfirmming experimental results as gold standards. Comparing sensitivity, specificity and other Indicators.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the diagnosis of HIV infection, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and chemiluminescence immunoassay had no significant difference. The positive rate of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was 0.93%, while the sensitivity and specificity were 89.66%, 99.93%, the positive rate of chemiluminescence immunoassay was 1.03%, while the sensitivity and specificity were 100%, 99.93%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both methods are suitable for screening of HIV, having high specificity, and chemiluminescence has greater sensitivity than ELISA.</p>

Establishment of confirmatory test for HBsAb in serum of coexistence of hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies to HBsAg / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Establish a kind of confirmation method based on ELISA, and use to verify authenticity of HBsAb + in HBsAg + HBsAb + serum, pick and get rid of the false masculine gender the result, and avoid the mistake diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Collect 60 pieces of serum whose thick degree of HBsAg at 1000 COI above tested by ECLIA as confirm serum, mixed the confirm serum of different dilution with HBsAb positive serum to screen and verify best thick degree of HBsAg. Collected 40 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum, ELISA tested the descend rate of HBsAb COI after neutralized with confirm serum in order to confirm authenticity of HBsAb + in pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>When thick degree of HBsAg is 2000 COI, the performance of neutralization to HBsAb is best. The ELISA confirmatory test is fully consistent with the ECLIA method with true positive of 37 pieces of HBsAg + HBsAb + serum while false-positive of 3 pieces of serum.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ELISA confirm method is a simple, accurate and low cost initial validation method.</p>

Evaluation of the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen test / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical value of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by the Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) test for the detection of H. pylori infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>328 patients were measured upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination which as gold standards and HpSA test in the meantime, comparing accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and other Indicators.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the diagnosis of Hp infection, HpSA test had no significant difference comparing with gold standards and had a P value of over 0.5. The sensitivity of HpSA test was 94.6%, while the specificity, veracity, expected positive value, and expected negative value were 96.9%, 96.3%, 89.7% and 98.4%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The H. pylori stool antigen test is a simple, non-invasive method for accurate diagnosis of H. pylori infection.</p>

Evaluation on clinical value of serum CA-125 level in hepatitis cirrhosis / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the association between elevated levels of serum cancer antigen (CA) 125 and hepatitis cirrhosis in different stage, and also to explore the clinical application value of serum CA-125.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>During June to December in 2008, 200 cases with hepatitis cirrhosis were random selected in our hospital. CA-125 levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunization assay in sera collected from these cases which were termed with Child-Paugh classification and analyzed by SAS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum CA-125 levels were correlated closely with ascites, primary peritonitis and liver function Child-Paugh classification, but no associated with primary carcinoma of liver and other liver function index,such as ALT, AST, ALB, TBIL and PT.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The levels of serum CA-125 in hepatitis cirrhosis patients were osculating correlating with lesion of liver and ascite degree, could serve as a sensitive and conventional laboratory index for liver lesion degree and monitoring ascite generation. It was necessary to further study on the association with serum CA-125 level with primary hepatic carcinoma.</p>

Evaluation of the ELISA and the enhanced chemiluminescence immunoassay in use to determine the serum markers for liver fibrosis / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the detection method of ELISA and Enhanced Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) in use to determine serum hyaluronate acid (HA), laminin (LN), type IV collagen (IV-C) and type III procollagen (PC III).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>253 patients with chronic hepatitis B were determined the four liver fibrosis serum markers with both the ECLIA and ELISA, and then compared with pathology results separately.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both the detection results of ELISA and ECLIA can reflect that the patient's liver fibrosis from hepatitis to liver cirrhosis aggravated gradually. Compared with ELISA, the results of ECLIA and pathology have a better correlation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The detection of four liver fibrosis serum markers by ECLIA could indicate the better the response of the state of live fibrosis.</p>

The studies on early warning of Lens culinaris-reactive alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP-L3) detecting in primary hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the significance of Lens culinaris-reactive alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP-L3) detection in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>AFP-L3 was isolated by using microspin column coupled with lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA), AFP and AFP-L3 were detected with chemiluminescent immunoassay, the proportion of AFP L3 levels were calculated, and the relationship between the elevated AFP-L3 (%) levels and benign and malignant liver disease was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in positive rate between the patients of HCC, suspected HCC and other liver disease (81.80%, 73.68%, 11.80%, respectively, P < 0.05). Among the undetermined HCC (suspected HCC, liver disease) patients, 12 out of 21 cases of AFP-13 positive were diagnosed to be HCC within 6 months, and 6 of them were diagnosed to be the single small HCC at the early stage through B-Ultrasonic Diagnosis or CT. Among 62 cases of AFP-L3 negative, 3 cases were diagnosed to be HCC within 6 months and the risk of occurrence of HCC for AFP-L3 positive increased 11.9 times.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AFP-L3 has no correlation with AFP value, and it can be used as an independent HCC diagnosis factor. The detection of AFP-L3 has a significant implication for the identification of benign or malignant liver disease and the early stage predictive diagnosis of HCC while AFP increases.</p>

Formulation and application of diagnostic models based on clinical biochemical assays in diagnosis of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis associated with viral hepatitis / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the diagnostic ability of routine laboratory items in liver diseases associated with viral hepatitis through constructing assessment models consisting of these items.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>(1) Assessment of routine items and formulation of models. Data of 447 patients seen between May 1997 and August 2003 were collected as the training set and serum specimens of 213 patients taken between June 2004 and March 2005 were examined and used as the validation set. Eleven items (TP, ALB, TBIL, DBIL, ALT, AST, ALP, GGT, TBA, LDH, CHE) were examined with an automated biochemical analyzer. Logistic regression was applied to construct the model for discriminating between chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. The diagnostic value of items and models was assessed by the area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The model to discrimination between chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis consists of five items (CHE, DBIL, ALB, ALT, GLO). The AUCs of model were 0.87 in the training set and 0.83 in validation set, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) The model consisting of CHE, DBIL, ALB, ALT, GLO improves the diagnostic value of routine laboratory items in discriminating chronic hepatitis from liver cirrhosis.</p>